108 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
108 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
# ACL规则优先级
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### 一、IP
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- AR1
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```
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[AR1]int g0/0/0
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.254 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
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```
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### 二、ACL
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- **AR1**
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```
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[AR1]acl 2000
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[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
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[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
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[AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit
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[AR1]int g0/0/0
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000
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```
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***注释：***
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1. `[AR1]acl 2000`：在设备AR1上创建一个编号为2000的基本ACL。
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2. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0`：在ACL 2000中添加规则10，该规则允许源IP地址为192.168.1.1的数据包通过。
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3. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255`：在ACL 2000中添加规则20，该规则拒绝源IP地址在192.168.1.0/24网段的数据包通过。
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4. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit`：退出ACL 2000的配置模式。
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5. `[AR1]int g0/0/0`：进入设备AR1的GigabitEthernet0/0/0接口配置模式。
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6. `[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000`：在GigabitEthernet0/0/0接口的出方向应用ACL 2000，以过滤出站流量。
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> 需要注意的是，ACL规则的执行顺序是从上到下的，因此规则10和规则20的顺序很重要。在这个例子中，由于规则10先于规则20，所以只有源IP地址为192.168.1.1的数据包会被允许通过，而192.168.1.0/24网段的其他数据包将被拒绝。然而，由于规则20覆盖了规则10中的IP地址，实际上所有来自192.168.1.0/24网段的数据包都将被拒绝。这可能是配置错误，通常应该先配置拒绝规则，然后配置允许规则。
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### 三、测试
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- **PC间连通性测试**
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> 全通
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- **PC PING Server**
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- PC1
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.3.1
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Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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Request timeout!
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=32 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=31 ms
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--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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4 packet(s) received
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20.00% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 0/31/32 ms
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```
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- PC2
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.3.1
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Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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0 packet(s) received
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100.00% packet loss
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```
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- PC3
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.3.1
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Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=15 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time<1 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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5 packet(s) received
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0.00% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 0/12/16 ms
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```
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