178 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
178 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# 交换机
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### 一、 组建局域网的主要设备
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##### 1、 交换机
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- 作用:
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- 用 于将多台计算机/交换机连接到一起,组建网络。
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- 连接电脑组建局域网(组建局域网的主要设备)
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- 类型:限制、隔离、ALC
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##### 2、 eNSP
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1. 交换机、路由器、防火墙、WIFI、电脑
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> 设置显示与隐藏标签:菜单 - 工具 - 选项 - 显示设备标签/显示设备型号
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>
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> 设置显示与隐藏标签:菜单 - 工具 - 选项 - 总显示接口标签
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>
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> 通过文本工具添加标签,右击文本文字可调整大小、字体、背景颜色
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##### 3、 拓扑文件保存
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##### 4、 配置视图
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1. 连接物理设备
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- 使用console线一端连接交换机console口,另一端连接计算机USB或com、Putty、SecureCRT、Xshell等终端程序进入设备的配置界面。
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2. 视图
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- 用户视图:<Hwuwei>
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- 系统视图:[Hwuwei]
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- 命令:system-view(简写:sy)
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- 作用:配置设备的系统参数
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- quite:退回到上一个视图(逐级退回)
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- return(ctrl+z):直接退回到用户视图
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3. 接口视图
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- 命令:interface GigabitEtherent 0/0/1(简写:int g0/0/1)
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4. 协议视图
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5. 操作技巧
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- ?可以查看help
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- 查命令的全拼:sys?
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- 查后面能跟什么命令:interface ?
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- Tab自动补全,但需前置键入的检索结果唯一
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- 命令简写:sy、int g0/0/1
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- 不区分大小写
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##### 5、 交换机的基本配置命令
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1. <Huawei>display version:查看版本信息
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2. <Huawei>display current-configuration:查看华为网络设备的当前配置,简写:dis cu
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- 回车翻行,空格翻页
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3. display this:查看当前视图的配置
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> [Huawei]display this
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>
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> [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]display this
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4. sysname:更改设备名称(需要在用户视图save保存)
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> [Huawei]sysname SW1 //修改设备名为SW1,简写:sy SW1
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>
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> [SW1]display this //查看当前视图有效配置
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5. <Huawei>reboot:重启
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6. [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]shutdown:关闭端口(禁用端口)
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[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]undo shutdown:启用端口
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7. 设置交换机密码
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> [Huawei]user-interface console 0
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>
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> [Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode password //启用密码验证
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>
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> [Huawei-ui-console0]set authentication password cipher 123456 //设置加密密码
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>
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> [Huawei-ui-console0]set authentication password simple 123456 //设置明文密码
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>
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> [Huawei-ui-console0]undo set authentication password //关闭密码验证
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eg. 加密密码
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```
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<Huawei>system-view
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[Huawei]user-interface console 0 //简写:user-in co 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode password //简写:auth p
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set authentication password cipher 123456 //设置加密密码,简写:set a p c 123456
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[Huawei-ui-console0]display this
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#
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user-interface con 0
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authentication-mode password
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set authentication password cipher 8s~f3m^nI@EBi%T]n/.IF3G#
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user-interface vty 0 4
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#
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简写:
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<Huawei>sy
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[Huawei]user-in co 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]auth p
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set a p c 123456
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```
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eg. 明文密码
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```
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<Huawei>system-view
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[Huawei]user-interface console 0 //简写:user-in co 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode password //简写:auth p
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set authentication password simple 123456 //设置明文密码,简写:set a p s 123456
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[Huawei-ui-console0]display this
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#
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user-interface con 0
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authentication-mode password
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set authentication password simple 123456
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user-interface vty 0 4
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#
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简写:
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<Huawei>sy
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[Huawei]user-in co 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]auth p
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set a p s 123456
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```
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8. 设置交换机闲置会话时间
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- [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 1 //设置闲置会话时间为1分钟
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- [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 //永不超时
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- [Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 1440 //设置闲置会话时间为24小时,简写:i 1440
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> 默认闲置会话时间10分钟
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```
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<Huawei>system-view
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[Huawei]user-interface console 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode password
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set authentication password cipher 123456
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[Huawei-ui-console0]idle-timeout 1440 //设置闲置会话时间为24小时
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简写:
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<Huawei>sy
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[Huawei]user-in co 0
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[Huawei-ui-console0]auth p
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[Huawei-ui-console0]set a p c 123456
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[Huawei-ui-console0]i 1440
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```
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9. 关闭终端提示
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> <Huawei>undo terminal monitor //缩写:u t m
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10. 恢复出厂默认设置
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> <Huawei>reset saved-configuration //简写:res sa
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```
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<S1>reset saved-configuration //恢复出厂设置
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Warning: The action will delete the saved configuration in the device.
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The configuration will be erased to reconfigure. Continue? [Y/N]:y //是否要恢复出厂设置,选择Y
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Warning: Now clearing the configuration in the device.
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Info: Succeeded in clearing the configuration in the device.
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<S1>reboot //重启
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Info: The system is now comparing the configuration, please wait.
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Warning: All the configuration will be saved to the configuration file for the n
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ext startup:, Continue?[Y/N]:n //提示是否保存当前配置,选择N
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Info: If want to reboot with saving diagnostic information, input 'N' and then e
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xecute 'reboot save diagnostic-information'.
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System will reboot! Continue?[Y/N]:y //是否重启,选择Y
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```
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