131 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
131 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
# ACL
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### 一、IP
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- **PC & Server**
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- **AR1**
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```
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[AR1]int g0/0/0
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.3.254 24
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```
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### 二、ACL
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- **AR1**
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```
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[AR1]acl 2000
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[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 deny source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
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[AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit
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[AR1]int g0/0/2
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000
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```
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*解释：*
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- `[AR1]acl 2000`：这个命令创建了一个编号为2000的基本ACL。在华为设备上，基本ACL的编号范围是2000-2999。
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- `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 deny source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0`：这个命令在ACL 2000中添加了一条规则，规则编号为10。这条规则的作用是拒绝源IP地址为192.168.1.1的所有流量。`0.0.0.0`表示一个通配符掩码，这里它被用来指定一个精确的IP地址匹配，因为0.0.0.0表示所有比特位都必须匹配。
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具体来说，这条ACL规则做了以下事情：
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- `rule 10`：定义了规则的编号，规则编号决定了规则的执行顺序，编号越小，优先级越高。
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- `deny`：表示动作是拒绝匹配规则的流量。
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- `source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0`：定义了匹配条件，即源IP地址必须精确为192.168.1.1。
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- `[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000`：在g0/0/0接口上应用ACL 2000，以过滤出站流量。
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### 三、测试
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- **PC1**
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- PING PC2
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.2.1
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Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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Request timeout!
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From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time<1 ms
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From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=15 ms
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From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=15 ms
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--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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4 packet(s) received
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20.00% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 0/11/16 ms
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```
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- PING Server
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.3.1
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Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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Request timeout!
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--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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0 packet(s) received
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100.00% packet loss
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```
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- **PC2**
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- PING PC1
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.1.1
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Ping 192.168.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=15 ms
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From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time<1 ms
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From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time<1 ms
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--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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5 packet(s) received
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0.00% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 0/9/16 ms
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```
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- PING Server
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```
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PC>ping 192.168.3.1
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Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=15 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time<1 ms
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From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=16 ms
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--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
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5 packet(s) transmitted
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5 packet(s) received
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0.00% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 0/12/16 ms
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```
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