# BFD和静态路由 ![image-20240828140643096](https://picgo-noriu.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/Images/image-20240828140643096.png) ### 一、配IP - **AR1** ``` [AR1]int g0/0/2 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.254 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.13.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.12.2 [AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.13.3 preference 100 ``` - **AR2** ``` [AR2]int g0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.24.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.12.1 [AR2]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.24.4 ``` - **AR3** ``` [AR3]int g0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.13.3 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.34.3 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.13.1 [AR3]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.34.4 ``` - **AR4** ``` [AR4]int g0/0/0 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.24.4 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.34.4 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.2.254 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit [AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.24.2 [AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.34.3 preference 100 ``` ### 二、BFD - **AR1** ``` [AR1]ip route-static 192.168.24.0 24 192.168.12.2 [AR1]ip route-static 192.168.34.0 24 192.168.13.3 [AR1]bfd [AR1-bfd]quit [AR1]bfd ntd2407 bind peer-ip 192.168.24.4 [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator local 1 [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator remote 4 [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-tx-interval 10 [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-rx-interval 10 [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]commit [AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]quit [AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.12.2 track bfd-session ntd2407 ``` - *注解：* 1. `[AR1]bfd`：进入BFD配置模式 2. `[AR1-bfd]quit`：退出BFD配置模式 3. `[AR1]bfd ntd2407 bind peer-ip 192.168.24.4`：创建一个名为`ntd2407`的BFD会话，并将其绑定到对端IP地址`192.168.24.4` 4. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator local 1`：为本地设备设置BFD会话的鉴别器值为`1` 5. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator remote 4`：设置对端设备BFD会话的鉴别器值为`4` 6. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-tx-interval 10`：设置BFD会话的最小发送间隔为`10`毫秒 7. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-rx-interval 10`：设置BFD会话的最小接收间隔为`10`毫秒 8. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]commit`：提交BFD会话的配置，使其生效 9. `ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.12.2 track bfd-session ntd2407`：BFD与静态路由联动 - **AR4** ``` [AR4]ip route-static 192.168.12.0 24 192.168.24.2 [AR4]ip route-static 192.168.13.0 24 192.168.34.3 [AR4]bfd [AR4-bfd]quit [AR4]bfd ntd2407 bind peer-ip 192.168.12.1 [AR4-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator local 4 [AR4-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator remote 1 [AR4-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-tx-interval 10 [AR4-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-rx-interval 10 [AR4-bfd-session-ntd2407]commit ``` - *注解：* 1. `[AR1]bfd`：进入BFD配置模式 2. `[AR1-bfd]quit`：退出BFD配置模式 3. `[AR1]bfd ntd2407 bind peer-ip 192.168.12.1`：创建一个名为`ntd2407`的BFD会话，并将其绑定到对端IP地址`192.168.12.1` 4. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator local 4`：为本地设备设置BFD会话的鉴别器值为`4` 5. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]discriminator remote 1`：设置对端设备BFD会话的鉴别器值为`1` 6. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-tx-interval 10`：设置BFD会话的最小发送间隔为`10`毫秒 7. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]min-rx-interval 10`：设置BFD会话的最小接收间隔为`10`毫秒 8. `[AR1-bfd-session-ntd2407]commit`：提交BFD会话的配置，使其生效 ### 三、完备性测试 - **AR1** ``` [AR1]dis bfd session all -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Remote PeerIpAddr State Type InterfaceName -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 192.168.24.4 Up S_IP_PEER - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 1/0 ``` - **PC1** ``` PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=32 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=15 ms --- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 2 packet(s) received 60.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/23/32 ms ``` ### 四、功能性测试 - **断连测试** ![image-20240828153740948](https://picgo-noriu.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/Images/image-20240828153740948.png) - **AR1** - 查看BFD信息 ``` [AR1]dis bfd session all -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Remote PeerIpAddr State Type InterfaceName -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 192.168.24.4 Down S_IP_PEER - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1 ``` - **PC1** - PING ``` PC>ping 192.168.2.1 Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=31 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=16 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=47 ms From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=16 ms --- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/27/47 ms ``` - Tracert ``` PC>tracert 192.168.2.1 traceroute to 192.168.2.1, 8 hops max (ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop 1 192.168.1.254 16 ms 15 ms 16 ms 2 192.168.13.3 16 ms 15 ms 16 ms 3 192.168.34.4 16 ms 31 ms 15 ms 4 192.168.2.1 16 ms 31 ms 16 ms ```