2024年8月30日 15:59:40
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B. 第二阶段/拓扑练习/0830_ACL + Telnet.md
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B. 第二阶段/拓扑练习/0830_ACL + Telnet.md
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# ACL + Telnet
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### 一 、IP & Routing
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- **PC、Client、Server**
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- **AR1**
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```
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[AR1]int g0/0/0
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.1 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
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[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.12.2
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[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 24 192.168.12.2
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[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.23.0 24 192.168.12.2
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```
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- **AR2**
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```
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[AR2]int g0/0/0
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.2 24
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.23.2 24
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
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[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.12.1
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[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 24 192.168.23.3
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```
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- **AR3**
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```
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[AR3]int g0/0/0
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[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.23.3 24
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[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
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[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.3.254 24
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[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.23.2
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[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.23.2
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[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.12.0 24 192.168.23.2
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```
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- **连通性测试**
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> 三个终端全部互通
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### 二、Telnet
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- **AR2**
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```
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[AR2]user-interface vty 0 4
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[AR2-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
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Please configure the login password (maximum length 16):123456
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[AR2-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound all
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```
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- **AR3**
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```
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[AR3]user-interface vty 0 4
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[AR3-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
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Please configure the login password (maximum length 16):123456
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[AR3-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound all
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```
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- **远程连接测试**
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- AR1 远程 AR2
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.12.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.23.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.2.254 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.12.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.23.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.2.254 【Success】
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```
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- AR3 远程 AR2
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.12.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.23.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.2.254 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.12.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.23.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.2.254 【Success】
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```
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- AR1 远程 AR3
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.23.3 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.3.254 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.23.3 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.3.254 【Success】
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```
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### 三、ACL
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- **AR2**
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```
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[AR2]acl 2000
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[AR2-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0
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[AR2-acl-basic-2000]quit
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[AR2]user-interface vty 0 4
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[AR2-ui-vty0-4]acl 2000 inbound
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```
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- 注释
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1. `[AR2]acl 2000`：这条命令创建了一个编号为2000的基本ACL。
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2. `[AR2-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0`：在ACL 2000中添加了一条规则，规则编号为10，这条规则允许源IP地址为192.168.1.254的所有数据包通过。`0.0.0.0`表示对源IP地址进行精确匹配。
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3. `[AR2-acl-basic-2000]quit`：退出ACL 2000的配置模式。
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4. `[AR2]user-interface vty 0 4`：进入VTY行0到4的配置模式。VTY是Virtual Teletype的缩写，通常用于远程登录设备。
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5. `[AR2-ui-vty0-4]acl 2000 inbound`：将之前创建的ACL 2000应用到VTY行0到4的入方向。这意味着只有当远程登录的源IP地址匹配ACL 2000中的规则时，才能访问这些VTY行。
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> 这样配置后，只有来自192.168.1.254的远程登录请求才能通过VTY 0到4访问设备。其他地址的请求将被拒绝。
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- 远程连接测试
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- AR1 远程 AR2
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.12.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.23.2 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.2.254 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.12.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.23.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.2.254 【Defeat】
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```
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> AR1只有1.254可以远程AR2，12.1不可以远程AR2
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- AR3 远程 AR2
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.12.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.23.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.2.254 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.12.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.23.2 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.2.254 【Defeat】
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```
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> AR3不可以远程AR2
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- **AR3**
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```
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[AR3]acl 2000
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[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 deny source 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0
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[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0
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[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source any
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[AR3-acl-basic-2000]quit
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[AR3]user-interface vty 0 4
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[AR3-ui-vty0-4]acl 2000 inbound
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```
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- 注释
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1. `[AR3]acl 2000`：这条命令指示设备创建一个新的基本ACL，编号为2000。
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2. `[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 deny source 192.168.1.254 0.0.0.0`：在ACL 2000中添加了一条规则，编号为10，该规则用于拒绝源IP地址为192.168.1.254的所有数据包。
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3. `[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0`：接着添加了一条规则，编号为20，该规则用于拒绝源IP地址为192.168.12.1的所有数据包。
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4. `[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source any`：最后添加了一条规则，编号为30，允许任何源IP地址的数据包通过。这条规则通常放在ACL的末尾，作为默认规则，匹配所有未被之前规则拒绝的流量。
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5. `[AR3]user-interface vty 0 4`：进入VTY行0到4的配置界面，这些界面用于远程登录设备。
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6. `[AR3-ui-vty0-4]acl 2000 inbound`：将之前创建的ACL 2000应用到VTY行0到4的入方向。这意味着只有当远程登录的源IP地址不匹配ACL 2000中规则10和规则20所拒绝的地址时，才能通过这些VTY行进行远程登录。
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> 配置的ACL将拒绝来自192.168.1.254和192.168.12.1的远程登录请求，而允许来自其他所有地址的请求。这样的配置有助于增强网络设备的安全性。
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- 远程连接测试
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- AR1 远程 AR3
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.23.3 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.1.254 192.168.3.254 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.23.3 【Defeat】
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telnet -a 192.168.12.1 192.168.3.254 【Defeat】
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```
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- AR2 远程 AR3
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```
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.23.3 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.3.254 192.168.3.254 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.23.3 【Success】
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telnet -a 192.168.23.3 192.168.3.254 【Success】
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```
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