2024年8月29日 17:36:48

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+# ACL规则优先级
+
+![image-20240829171502458](https://picgo-noriu.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/Images/image-20240829171502458.png)
+
+![image-20240829170059565](https://picgo-noriu.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/Images/image-20240829170059565.png)
+
+### 一、IP
+
+- AR1
+
+  ```
+  [AR1]int g0/0/0
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.254 24
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
+  ```
+
+### 二、ACL
+
+- **AR1**
+
+  ```
+  [AR1]acl 2000
+  [AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
+  [AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
+  [AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit
+  [AR1]int g0/0/0
+  [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000
+  ```
+
+  ***注释：***
+
+  1. `[AR1]acl 2000`：在设备AR1上创建一个编号为2000的基本ACL。
+  2. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0`：在ACL 2000中添加规则10，该规则允许源IP地址为192.168.1.1的数据包通过。
+  3. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 deny source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255`：在ACL 2000中添加规则20，该规则拒绝源IP地址在192.168.1.0/24网段的数据包通过。
+  4. `[AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit`：退出ACL 2000的配置模式。
+  5. `[AR1]int g0/0/0`：进入设备AR1的GigabitEthernet0/0/0接口配置模式。
+  6. `[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]traffic-filter outbound acl 2000`：在GigabitEthernet0/0/0接口的出方向应用ACL 2000，以过滤出站流量。
+
+  > 需要注意的是，ACL规则的执行顺序是从上到下的，因此规则10和规则20的顺序很重要。在这个例子中，由于规则10先于规则20，所以只有源IP地址为192.168.1.1的数据包会被允许通过，而192.168.1.0/24网段的其他数据包将被拒绝。然而，由于规则20覆盖了规则10中的IP地址，实际上所有来自192.168.1.0/24网段的数据包都将被拒绝。这可能是配置错误，通常应该先配置拒绝规则，然后配置允许规则。
+
+### 三、测试
+
+- **PC间连通性测试**
+
+  > 全通
+
+- **PC  PING  Server**
+
+  - PC1
+
+    ```
+    PC>ping 192.168.3.1
+    
+    Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
+    Request timeout!
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=32 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=31 ms
+    
+    --- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
+      5 packet(s) transmitted
+      4 packet(s) received
+      20.00% packet loss
+      round-trip min/avg/max = 0/31/32 ms
+    ```
+
+  - PC2
+
+    ```
+    PC>ping 192.168.3.1
+    
+    Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
+    Request timeout!
+    Request timeout!
+    Request timeout!
+    Request timeout!
+    Request timeout!
+    
+    --- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
+      5 packet(s) transmitted
+      0 packet(s) received
+      100.00% packet loss
+    ```
+
+  - PC3
+
+    ```
+    PC>ping 192.168.3.1
+    
+    Ping 192.168.3.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=16 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=15 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=16 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time<1 ms
+    From 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=16 ms
+    
+    --- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---
+      5 packet(s) transmitted
+      5 packet(s) received
+      0.00% packet loss
+      round-trip min/avg/max = 0/12/16 ms
+    ```
+
+